档案的哮喘、过敏和免疫学

一个算法安全管理口服食物激发儿童在一个在办公室设置多种食物过敏

08/11/2021

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Background: In France, from 30% to 35% of children suffer from multiple food allergies (MFA). The gold standard to diagnosis a food allergy is the oral food challenge (OFC) which is conducted in a hospital setting due to risk of anaphylaxis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate an algorithm to predict OFCs at low risk of anaphylaxis that could safely be performed in an office-based setting.

Methods: Children with MFA and at least one open OFC reactive or non-reactive to other allergens were included. The algorithm was based on multiple clinical and biological parameters related to food allergens, and designed mainly to predict “low-risk” OFCs i.e., practicable in an office-based setting. The algorithm was secondarily tested in a validation cohort.

Results: Ninety-one children (median age 9 years) were included; 94% had at least one allergic comorbidity with an average of three OFCs per child. Of the 261 OFCs analyzed, most (192/261, 74%) were non-reactive. The algorithm failed to correctly predict 32 OFCs with a potentially detrimental consequence but among these only three children had severe symptoms. One hundred eighty-four of the 212 “low-risk” OFCs, (88%) were correctly predicted with a high positive predictive value (87%) and low negative predictive value (44%). These results were confirmed with a validation cohort giving a specificity of 98% and negative predictive value of 100%.

Conclusion: This study suggests that the algorithm we present here can predict “low-risk” OFCs in children with MFA which could be safely conducted in an office-based setting. Our results must be confirmed with an algorithm-based machine-learning approach.

免疫学背景CRSwNP治疗用生物制品

04/08/2021

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>& lt; p>背景:慢性鼻窦炎(CRS)是一个异构和多因子的炎性疾病的鼻和鼻侧的粘膜。到目前为止,没有国际标准化的统一分类为这种疾病。你们发达;br /比;通常,表型分类根据CRS (CRSwNP)和不执行(CRSsNP)息肉病。然而,通过各种研究,它已经表明,即使在这些表型的不同endotypes CRS存在,每一个都有不同的潜在的炎症病理生理学。在本文中,我们将介绍在CRSwNP基本免疫过程,强调现代与生物制剂治疗选项源自这种疾病。你们;/ p>& lt; p>方法:当前知识CRS的免疫学和分子过程,特别是CRSwNP,编译通过结构化的文献综述。Medline、PubMed、国家/国际审判指导注册以及Cochrane图书馆都搜查了。你们;/ p>& lt; p>结果:基于当前文学,CRS所涉及的不同的免疫过程和鼻息肉都阐述了。当前研究嗜酸性哮喘和息肉病等疾病的治疗提出了和他们的结果讨论了。你们;/ p>

Conclusion: Understanding the immunological basis of CRSwNP may help to develop new personalized therapeutic approaches using biologics. Currently, 2 biologics (dupilumab, omalizumab) have been approved for the therapy of CRSwNP (polyposis nasi) in Europe.

venom-specific IgE水平较高分化与先前的当地大型反应孩子与先前的系统性反应不同的严重程度

03/19/2021

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>& lt; p>简介:系统性风险因素的反应(SRs)从膜翅目昆虫毒液(高压)过敏在成年人口是众所周知的,但他们很少研究在儿童一个灵活;/ p>& lt; p>方法:我们的研究的目的是确定风险因素对高压SRs人口儿童过敏,比较一系列的临床(年龄、性别、特异反应性、哮喘)和实验室(总IgE,类胰蛋白酶,venom-specific IgE水平)变量之间的患者至少两个大局部反应(llr)和SRs患者不同程度的识别昆虫。我们选择高压过敏儿童人口的年龄,lt;15年用llr或SRs分层根据穆勒成绩后刺。你们;/ p>& lt; p>结果:人口包括80名儿童,与至少2 llr 35和45 SRs。具体IgE水平胡蜂(Polistes dominula, Vespula物种)毒液明显高(p = 0.0321)患儿SRs(穆勒II级+ 3 + 4)比用llr和相同的意义还发现特定的IgE的蜜蜂,考虑SRs集团(穆勒年级我+ 2 + 3 + 4)在尊重llr组(p = 0.0001)。; / p>& lt; p>结论:主要区别在儿科人口最高水平的特定IgE SRs史的儿童相比,那些llr黄蜂和蜜蜂的历史。这些结果,一旦证实了一个更大的人口,可能意味着有机会跟随毒液的行为具体IgE llr揭示儿童未来更严重的反应。你们开发风险;/ p>

Cyn d 1在巴西南部城市空气中的过敏原

02/26/2021

& lt; p>通过研究相关因素暴露于室内和室外过敏原,这样的季节,气候变化和颗粒物质,变态可以屏幕上敏感的人根据他们的风险敞口,进行预防性治疗和个性化的免疫疗法。;/ p>

一个回顾性队列研究来评估气道高反应性的关系在持续哮喘2型生物标志物

02/17/2021

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a hallmark of persistent asthma measured using direct or indirect airway bronchial challenge testing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the putative relationships between type 2 inflammatory biomarkers, airway geometry (FEV1 and FEF25-75) and specific IgE (RAST or skin prick) to AHR. We performed a retrospective analysis of our database (n = 131) of patients with asthma. Of these subjects, 75 had a histamine challenge and 56 had a mannitol challenge. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) but not blood eosinophils were significantly higher in patients with AHR to either histamine or mannitol. FEV1 % and FEF25 - 75 % were significantly lower in patients with AHR. Elevated Type 2 biomarkers including FeNO and specific IgE but not blood eosinophils were associated with AHR.

Highlights: FeNO and specific IgE but not blood eosinophils are raised in patients with airway hyperresponsiveness.

通过结合疗法帮助哮喘儿童

02/05/2021

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Disruptions in Maternal-infant Bonding are shown to be the mediating variable between maternal distress and the subsequent expression of childhood asthma. When the mothers’ bonding is repaired, their children’s asthmatic symptoms diminish or remit. This study evaluated 16 asthmatic children before and after their mothers were treated with Bonding Therapy. Fourteen improved on 11 measures, including reduction in the STEP classification system and medication use. Thirteen children were able to stop all medications. Surprisingly, all mothers scores on the Beck Depression Inventory improved through Bonding Therapy, suggesting that impaired bonding can lead to maternal depression or even Postpartum Depression. The link between bonding disruptions and airway inflammation are discussed. Bonding Therapy is described.

囊胞性纤维症和先天性肾上腺增生:一种罕见的发生与诊断困境,相似性和矛盾

10/20/2020

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>& lt; p>囊性纤维化(CF)是一种遗传性外分泌腺组成的综合征dysfunction&,,,涉及多个系统,如果未经处理的可能导致慢性呼吸道感染、胰酶缺乏症和未能茁壮成长。CF之间的关系和其他遗传性疾病或先天性畸形是罕见的。我们描述一例少见的CF伴有先天性肾上腺增生(CAH)。21 -羟化酶缺乏症占最CAH的案例。品种在临床表型取决于数量的酶活性依次取决于不同组合的基因突变。CAH和CF的基因位于不同的位置。这些疾病共存的可能性在我们的病人将会是一个罕见的组合。然而,这种情况下将比其他人更频繁的在我们的人口因为血缘婚姻和共同的祖先。 There are diagnostic difficulties, similarities and contradictions between two diseases and they are pointed out.

短期大剂量吸入激素治疗反应在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者部分一氧化氮浓度超过35十亿分之几:一个只有prea€“后研究

10/06/2020

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Introduction: There is currently no strategy for identifying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients whose pulmonary function could benefit from inhaled corticosteroids. We investigated whether a 28-day regime of inhaled corticosteroids improved pulmonary function test results among COPD patients with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration > 35 parts per billion.

Methods: This single-centre one-arm pre–post trial included COPD patients with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration > 35 parts per billion treated at our institution from September 2018 to August 2019. Patients were administered budesonide (200 μg, 8 puffs daily) for 28 days. The primary outcome measure was the difference between the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) at baseline and after 28 days of inhaled corticosteroid treatment. Secondary outcomes included differences in COPD Assessment Test scores, %FEV1, and that between the percent forced vital capacity (%FVC) at baseline and after 28 days of treatment.

Results: Twenty patients completed the 28-day inhaled corticosteroid regime. The mean difference in FEV1 between day 1 and day 28 was 340 mL (95% confidence interval: −100 to 770 mL; p = 0.122). The mean differences in secondary outcomes were: %FVC, −0.16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.84 to 2.53%; p = 0.905); %FEV1, 1.63% (95%CI: −4.56 to 7.81%; p = 0.589); COPD Assessment Test score, −2.50 (95%CI: −5.72 to 0.72; p = 0.121).

Conclusion: The 28-day course of inhaled corticosteroids yielded no significant difference in FEV1 for COPD patients with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide concentration > 35 parts per billion.

Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network Center, UMIN000034005. Registered 3 September 2018,

https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000038557

一种轻微的地中海热与C多态性有关。1588元,-69 g >

08/11/2020

& lt; p>地中海热(FMF)是一种常染色体隐性autoinflammatory疾病引起的突变(s)在地中海热(MEFV pyrinmarenostrin)基因[1,2]。;/ p>

有氧运动后免疫系统和生活质量和抵抗运动训练中Alzheimera€™s

04/30/2020

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Background: Globally, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects millions of elderly individuals are affected with AD who suffer from decline in cognitive ability. However, immune system dysfunction has a role in AD pathogenesis. However, pharmacological therapeutic intervention for caring of ADis not available. Therefore there is a need to develop novel therapeutic modalities for AD individual care.

Objective: The objective of the this trial was to detect immune system and quality of life (QOL) response following aerobic versus resisted exercise training among AD subjects.

Methods: Fifty older with AD disease the range of age ranged was 61 to 73 years enrolled in the current study. However, smoking, liver, chest, renal, metabolic and cardiac dysfunction considered as exclusion criteria. Participants were randomly enrolled into group (A) who applied aerobic exercise intervention, while group (B) applied resisted exercise intervention for period of six months.

Results: The SF-36 which measure QOL along with in the immunological parameters (CD3 count, CD4 count, CD8 count and CD4/CD8 ratio) showed significant improvement following aerobic and resisted exercise. However, comparing between both groups showed significant differences with greater significant improvement in all measured parameters following aerobic exercise training (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Aerobic exercise is the most appropriate exercise to improve immune system and quality of life among elderly Alzheimer’s.

胸骨后甲状腺肿模仿哮喘:一个诊断挑战

01/10/2020

& lt; h2> Editorial< / h2>

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Common manifestations of asthma include wheezing, chest tightness, cough, shortness of breath. Diagnosis of asthma requires clinical documentation of respiratory symptoms, exacerbation of symptoms following exposure to triggers, as well as demonstration of expiratory airflow obstruction. Wheeze is a continuous sound, lasting longer than 0.25 s that is produced by oscillation of opposing airway walls [1,2]. Wheezing, although a typical symptom of asthma, can also be caused by other diseases. Apart from asthma, wheezing can be due to extra-thoracic upper airway obstruction, intrathoracic upper airway obstruction, lower airway obstruction.

生物治疗严重哮喘:一个更新

08/28/2019

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, reversible airflow obstruction and recurrent symptoms. Patients often present with coughing, wheezing, dyspnea, and chest tightness, were they usually responds to the mainstay of treatment that relies on inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS), and long acting β2 agonist (LABA), along with leukotriene. In around 20% of the patient’s morbidity, mortality and cost of therapy increased because they fail to benefit from the existing gold standard therapy regimen. Both immunoglobulin-E (IgE), interlukin-5 (IL-5) had proven to play important major role in asthma pathogenesis. Over the past two decades biologic therapy that targeting IgE begins the era in treating severe asthma, and recently anti-IL-5, revealed major role in eosinophils maturation, activation, survival, and recruitment process of severe asthma. The different biologic therapy that is currently available in the market are supported by solid evidence from controlled randomized clinical trials, to guide the clinician on the type of patients that will benefit from the therapy, with an insight on the appropriate monitoring parameters and patient evaluation plans. This review was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar to identify peer-reviewed clinical trials, guidelines, and review articles published in English in the role of biologic therapy in severe asthma. The main aim from publishing this review is to summarize the current available evidence on the approved biologic therapy in treating patients with severe asthma.

过敏性哮喘和病态建筑综合症

01/11/2019

& lt; h2> Editorial< / h2>

Asthma is a complicated chronic disease of airway and airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, cough, dyspnea and wheezing that are main symptoms of the asthma. Genetic, epigenetic and environmental agents are main factors in pathophysiology of the asthma. Direct and indirect healthcare costs and health-related quality of life in asthmatic patients require more and more attention. A main challenges of asthma control is environment and specially house and building [1].

气胸、纵隔气肿,皮下气肿:哮喘的严重并发症

12/21/2018

& lt; h2> Editorial< / h2>& lt; p>支气管哮喘是一种很常见的疾病,其特点是气道的慢性炎症。这是由于遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用。目前,支气管哮喘被认为是一个公共卫生问题,因为其全球发病率不断增加。常见的症状与哮喘反复发作的喘息、呼吸困难、胸闷和咳嗽。尽管通常大多数哮喘发作是解决医疗、有时严重并发症可以恶化的临床图片。在这些并发症,同时自发双边气胸,皮下气肿和纵隔气肿是威胁生命的并发症。;/ p>& lt; p>灵活;/ p>

hiv - 1免疫逃避:对一个成功的疫苗的主要障碍

12/19/2018

Mini Review

It is estimated that there are 36.9 million individuals living with HIV-1 from who 21.7 million patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) [1,2]. ART has had a significant effect on the patients’ quality of life recently, however, its global coverage declines to 16-35% in low or middle income parts of Africa [3]. ART is unable to eliminate the virus from the infected individuals despite the fact of great impact on virus life cycle. There is no doubt that vaccination is considered as the most important medical strategy to prevent and suppress the infectious diseases. Nevertheless, there are many difficulties toward the cure or prevention of HIV-1 including the virus characteristics, lack of ideal animal model and funding [4-7].

哮喘的诊断在童年时代

09/13/2018

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Background: Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disorder in childhood. Asthmatic attacks are described and classified according to the type of wheezing to Non –atopic and Atopic asthma (IgE mediated wheezing). The aim of this review is to determine the onset of clinical diagnosis in relation to clinical presentation of asthma in children and obstacles related to delay of Asthma diagnosis.

Methods: This review highlights the results of studies done regarding clinical diagnosis in relation to clinical presentation and of asthma in children. An extensive search has been conducted for researches about asthma in children. This search based on the publications posted on the National Center for Biotechnology Information PubMed or by Google Scholar. Key words used for the research: Asthma, clinical diagnosis, children.

Results and Conclusion: Diagnosing asthma in young children is difficult because children often cough and wheeze with colds and chest infections, but this is not necessarily asthma. Miss diagnosis of asthma in children occurs when physicians diagnose patients with asthma from the clinical diagnosis in the first attack without excluding other asthma mimickers which can be any other respiratory problem. There is over-diagnosis of asthma due to the symptoms which mimic other respiratory infections. First episodes of cough, runny nose and fever that happen in cold/flu season- fall/winter/early spring is likely not asthma. If the child has several more episodes of wheeze and cough, it is likely to be asthma. Since there is no diagnostic test available for children younger than 6 years of age, making a diagnosis in this age group is more difficult than in older children. Over the age of about 6 years it is possible for a child to have a spirometer test.

哮喘和胃食管返流疾病之间的相互作用:一个有争议的问题

03/05/2018

& lt; h2> Editorial< / h2>

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a quite common disease caused by the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus and manifested by heartburn and acid regurgitation. Apart from the esophageal manifestations, GERD is implicated in extraesophageal manifestations including pulmonary manifestations i.e. asthma, chronic cough, pneumonia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, otolaryngological manifestations i.e. laryngitis, otitis, polyps, cancer of the larynx, chest pain [1,2]. The relationship between GERD and pulmonary manifestations is quite challenging and ongoing research efforts have focused on the elucidation of the pathogenesis of GERD induced asthma.

血清镁水平与儿童哮喘的作用

02/23/2018

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Objective: To determine the association between serum magnesium level and asthma, by establishing the difference in serum magnesium level between children with asthma and controls.

Method: Serum magnesium levels of 44 children with acute asthma and 44 controls of the age group of 6-16 years was determined and statistically compared. Lung function tests (FEV1%) were done and correlated with serum magnesium levels using Pearson’s comparison coefficient.

Results: The mean serum magnesium value of cases (1.9136±0.44) is lower than the controls (2.0042±0.26), with 32 cases showing a deficiency of serum magnesium. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, reveals positive correlation between FEV1% with serum magnesium levels, r=0.819, P<0.001.

Conclusions: This study reveals that the serum magnesium levels, even if in normal range, are statistically lower amongst asthmatics. It also brings out the relationship between magnesium levels and lung function tests, showing an improvement in the latter with increase in the former.

Chemo-cytokines网络是过敏性哮喘的主要控制目标

01/25/2018

& lt; h2> Editorial< / h2>

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which characterized by recurrent airflow obstruction, wheezing, chest tightness and coughing. Management of allergic asthma especially in children, is main problem for industrial world. Immunological factors have critical role in pathogenesis of allergic asthma. Cytokines as major controller of immune system, are important in this reaction. Allergic asthma is a disease with symptoms: eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hyper secretion, airway obstruction, airways hyperresponsivness, IgE high level production, smooth muscle spasm. Cytokines have main and complicated role in pathophysiology of allergic asthma.

细胞因子的调节效应胡麻属Indicum种子油改善小鼠实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎

10/30/2017

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nerve system (CNS), which affects the brain and spinal cord. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most commonly applied experimental model for studying the MS. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Sesamum indicum seeds oil on Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice.

Methods: Sesame oil was administrated intraperitoneally three days before immunization. IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17 and TGF-β levels and mRNA expression in supernatant of and within cultured mononuclear cells were assessed.

Results: According to our results, sesame oil treated mice demonstrated significant disease severity reduction (P=0.01 and 0.001, respectively). Treated EAE mice also represented statistically significant delay in the onset of symptoms in comparison with control group. The average IFN-γ levels and mRNA of sesame oil treated EAE mice were less than untreated EAE group. IL-10 and TGF-β levels and mRNA did not differ significantly in sesame oil treated EAE mice in comparison to untreated EAE group. IL-17 levels and mRNA were also found to be decreased significantly in treated mice in comparison to untreated mice.

Conclusions: Even thoughTH1 and TH17 cells through secretion of IFN-γ and IL-17, respectively, are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and EAE, but IL-10 has been shown to exhibit suppressive effects on these disorders. It can be concluded that sesame oil is able to induce TH2 and TH17-related immune responses and suppress TH1 type in EAE.

缺乏适用性的肠上皮细胞氯离子分泌囊性纤维化的病理范式

10/23/2017

Summary

This review examines of the concept of a defective chloride channel in epithelial cells being a major cause of cystic fibrotic pathophysiology. The central concept of the defective chloride ion channel paradigm is that faulty CFTR protein or failed delivery of CFTR protein to the mucosal membrane of epithelial cells is the basis of cystic fibrosis. Defective placement or function of CFTR prevents hydration of bronchial mucus that is normally caused by epithelial cells; these are capable through chloride ion secretion of transporting fluid to the mucosal surface. This concept relies heavily on a paradigm taken from intestinal physiology-namely that the intestinal epithelial cell secretes chloride ion and fluid and that this has conferred heterozygote selective advantage in carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. This present review examines the evidence for that hypothesis and assembles evidence from past studies that it is the smooth muscle cell that is of greater relevance. This review does not aim to provide an overview of current research into cystic fibrosis. The intention is to provide an overview of past research that led to the concept of a failure of epithelial cells to hydrate bronchial mucus because of compromised CFTR function. It is important to present all past evidence for aspects of the chloride secretion hypothesis and its associated heterozygote advantage concept so that the important evidential milestones can be re-assessed.

Allergoids和佐剂过敏原免疫疗法的使用

09/20/2017

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the unique curative treatment to help allergic patients to get over their allergies. With a personalized approach, AIT is the best example of precision medicine. After a century of intensive studies and innovative discoveries, allergists have in their hands many tools to orchestrate the best strategy to re-educate the hypersensitive immune systems that decrease the quality of life of their patients. This review describes both the historical and the promising acquisitions in this field, focusing the biochemical and Bioengineering tools that render an allergen more suitable for a secure, convenient and effective immunotherapy.

诱导喉阻塞/声带功能障碍和难治性哮喘的作用

08/23/2017

& lt; h2> Introduction< / h2>& lt; p>慢性哮喘占大量的临时办公室和急诊科(ED)访问。根据世界卫生组织的最新统计,3亿年全球哮喘影响个人和创建一个巨大的健康负担通过限制patient&生命周期活动。数据估计,哮喘导致的残疾调整生命年损失超过150000 /年[1]。;/ p>

报道药物过敏患病率及其对β内酰胺影响使用fi财政和健康的影响

08/22/2017

& lt; h2> Abstract< / h2>

Background: While recognition and documentation of true drug allergy is critically important, most physicians acknowledge that its prevalence is likely overestimated, often on the basis of historical, sometimes anecdotal evidence. Correct or not, once applied, drug allergy labels may result in altered, potentially inferior therapy, increased costs and prolonged hospitalisation.

Objective: Estimate the point prevalence, accuracy and symptomatology of self-reported drug allergy in a typical, large NHS Acute Trust adult inpatient population. In the subset with penicillin allergy (PA), estimate additional management costs from the use of alternative antibiotics and readmission rates in the previous 5 years.

Methods: Data on self-reported drug allergies were extracted from 440 adult inpatient prescription charts over a 4 month period. Where penicillin allergy (PA) was reported, alternative antibiotic regimens were recorded and their additional costs calculated. Hospital electronic records were used to assess readmission rates of PA patients.

Results: 194/440 inpatients (44.5%) reported at least one drug allergy. Antibiotic allergy was most commonly reported (51%), followed by analgesic (23%) and antiemetic (12%) allergy. PA accounted for 76% of reported antibiotic allergy. The commonest reported symptoms were cutaneous (42%) and gastrointestinal (18%). Where antibiotic therapy was required for patients with PA to manage acute infections, Ciprofloxacin, Clarithromycin, Teicoplanin, Clindamycin and Cefuroxime were the most commonly employed alternatives. Extrapolation of these figures to include the entire Trust inpatient population suggested that the use of alternative antibiotics in PA patients incurred additional annual expenditure of £268,000. Further, 87% of PA patients had been admitted more than once in the preceding 5 years, with 74% requiring further courses of antibiotics during these admissions.

Conclusion: Self-reported drug allergy, and in particular PA, is common in hospital inpatient populations and, in addition to the potentially unnecessary hazards to individual patients resulting from the use of alternative antibiotics, results in a considerable additional financial burden to the healthcare system. This problem could be eliminated by the provision of a nationwide and equitable tertiary Allergy service.

早期的影响低剂量暴露环境雌激素双酚A在儿童哮喘的发展

07/10/2017

SUMMARY

Exposure to environmental chemicals is a potential cause for the rapid increase in the prevalence of allergic asthma over the last few decades. The production of the environmental estrogen bisphenol A, the monomer of polycarbonate plastics, has increased rapidly over the last 50 years, such that bisphenol A is one of the most highly produced chemicals. It is detectable in the urine of the vast majority of the human population. While the relationship between the increase of bisphenol A in our environment and the prevalence of asthma does not prove a cause and effect relationship, it provides a strong rationale for experiments that have tested the hypothesis. Because of its small molecular size and hydrophobicity, bisphenol A is easily transferred from the mother to the fetus, via the placenta and in breast milk.

We have reviewed all the publications available on medline on the human epidemiological studies of the early bisphenol A exposure on the development of allergic asthma and experimental studies using mouse model of the effects of early bisphenol A exposure on the development of asthma. There are eight human epidemiological studies and five mouse model studies currently published.

The human studies suggest that bisphenol A exposure in early life enhances the likelihood of developing asthma on at least one of the study groups. The effects of early bisphenol A exposure were observed as an enhanced development of asthma before adolescent in the animal model.

特应性皮炎的干扰素和细胞因子状态特性

05/29/2017

ABSTRACT

The insufficiency of interferon production and the cytokine imbalance in patients with atopic dermatitis, especially in combination with persistent herpes virus infection, has been identified. The expediency of the use of interferon inducer Cycloferon in the treatment of chronic atopic dermatitis has been shown.

儿童过敏性结膜炎:局部环孢菌素治疗的影响生活质量的0.05%

01/31/2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Forty-six per cent children have allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (Allergologica 2005).

Working hypothesis: Ocular topical cyclosporine improves the quality of life for these patients.

Material, methods, design: 2-year prospective study (2015-16), 40 patients with topical corticosteroids without improvement, followed 20 and 20 switched to corticosteroids cyclosporine 0.05%. Interview with Quality of Life Questionnaire in Children with rhinoconjunctivitis (PRQLQ) before and at the end of treatment. Mean age of 10.3 years with 60% male-40% female. Treatments were applied from January to March. There were 15 questions divided into two blocks. Children responded using a card with responses rated from zero (not bothered at all) to 6 (quite upset).

Results: Before the 100% reported that, the itching was very bothersome. In the group of 40 children, 80% showed symptoms of epiphora and 60% showed symptoms of ocular inflammation. 100% complained of significant discomfort in rubbing their eyes, 30% did not like to take medications. Headaches affected 20%. 100% stated that they cannot play normally. 80% showed decreased concentration in class.

Continuing with corticosteroids did not show statistically significant changes.

Patients with cyclosporine improved the results by 3 points, with decreased itching, tearing, swelling, pain, eye rubbing, medication and headaches. In the 2nd questionnaire there was limited variation in the results related to fatigue, malaise, and irritability but with substantially improved balance of sleep, insomnia and concentration at school.

Conclusion: Cyclosporine A is a cyclic polypeptide calcineurin inhibitor developed from the fungus Tolypocladium inflatum. The first dilution was 2% but it is currently used at a dilution of 0.05% and recent publications suggest nanosuspensions. Our study showed improvement in parameters related to symptoms, especially itching and lower improvement of psychological aspects, this achieves a better quality of life for children and more willingness to adhere to the treatment.